Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-Endotoxins?

Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-Endotoxins?

I-Endotoxins ziimolekyuli ze-hydrophobic eziyinxalenye ye-lipopolysaccharide complex eyenza ininzi ye-membrane yangaphandle ye-Gram-negative bacteria.Ziyakhululwa xa iibhaktheriya zisifa kwaye inwebu yazo yangaphandle idilika.I-Endotoxins ithathwa njengabaxhasi abakhulu kwimpendulo ye-pyrogenic.Kwaye iimveliso zabazali ezingcoliswe yi-pyrogens zingakhokelela ekuphuhliseni umkhuhlane, ukungeniswa kwempendulo yokuvuvukala, ukothuka, ukungaphumeleli kwamalungu kunye nokufa ebantwini.

Uvavanyo lwe-Endotoxins luvavanyo lokufumanisa okanye ukulinganisa ii-endotoxins ezivela kwi-Gram-negative bacteria.

Imivundla isetyenziselwa ukukhangela kunye nokulinganisa i-endotoxins kwiimveliso zamachiza ekuqaleni.Ngokutsho kwe-USP, i-RPT ibandakanya ukubeka esweni ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa okanye umkhuhlane emva kwe-intravenous injection ye-pharmaceutical kwimivundla.Kwaye i-21 CFR 610.13(b) ifuna uvavanyo lwepyrogen yomvundla kwiimveliso zebhayoloji ezikhankanyiweyo.

Ngomnyaka we-1960, uFredrick Bang kunye noJack Levin bafumanisa ukuba i-amebocytes ye-horseshoe crab iya kuhlwitha xa kukho i-endotoxins.ILimulus Amebocyte Lysate(okanye iTachypleus Amebocyte Lysate) yaphuhliswa ngokufanelekileyo ukuze ithathe indawo ye-RPT eninzi.Kwi-USP, uvavanyo lwe-LAL lubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-bacterial endotoxin (BET).Kwaye iBET inokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezi-3: 1) ubuchule behlwili yejeli;2) ubuchule be-turbidimetric;3)ubuchule bechromogenic.Iimfuno zovavanyo lwe-LAL ziqulathe i-pH efanelekileyo, amandla e-ionic, ubushushu kunye nexesha lokufukamela.

Xa kuthelekiswa ne-RPT, iBET ikhawuleza kwaye iyasebenza.Nangona kunjalo, i-BET ayikwazanga ukuthatha indawo ye-RPT ngokupheleleyo.Ngenxa yokuba uvavanyo lwe-LAL lunokuphazamiseka yimiba kwaye alukwazi ukubona ii-pyrogens ezingenayo i-endotoxin.